social science issues related to wargps coordinates for oil rigs in the gulf of mexico

Shusman, B. Bombs containing napalm made by Dow Chemical were routinely used by the US military and its South Vietnamese allies during the Vietnam War to defoliate the countryside and to attack various targets. The sociology of war is a subfield of sociology that focuses on the macro-level patterns of war making, how societies engage in warfare, the meaning that war has in society, and the relationship between state structure and war making. Impact of Social Issues in Education. Many of the social problems in society are connected in subtle ways, but all social problems are connected to the leadership of countries, corporations, and other groups. Looking further back in world history, the death rate in prehistoric times from tribal warfare was extremely high. Despite this need, research on sexual assault in the military was scant before the early 2000s. (2011). Retrieved February 16, 2012, from http://costofwar.com/en/tradeoffs/state/CA/program/11/tradeoff/0. But veterans are casualties in other ways, as the news story that began this chapter made clear. Retrieved from http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/us-veterans-numbers/story?id=14928136#14928131. The Three "Waves" That Built the Portfolio. The chief academic disciplines of the social sciences are anthropology, economics, history, political science, and sociology. US veterans: By the numbers. The document you are viewing contains questions related to this textbook. Regardless of these problems, this growing body of research documents how often rape and sexual assault in the military occur. The more they spend on their military (guns), the less they can spend on food for their poor and other domestic needs (butter). Some people think of war as a negative thing, and some people . The following are common examples of a social issue. Americas defense meltdown: Pentagon reform for President Obama and the new Congress Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. Collier, E. C. (1993). Determining the Prevalence of Rape and Sexual Assault in the Military. (2011). and the Russia-Ukraine War: A Collection Social Science Space is curating resources and publications relating to the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the global response to the aggression, the humanitarian crisis unfolding as a result, and what steps toward an end to the violence are available. Another issue would be the stress on the families who have a service member deployed in a war zone . It is a tremendously important branch of research that examines what it means to be a social being, how individuals function together as organized groups and societies, and how they interact with each other on issues of common interest. These issues are made complex particularly because of conflicting values concerning drug use within modern societies. Dao, J. One of these civilians was a 9-year-old girl named Phan Thi Kim Phuc. Recall that when weather disasters and other environmental changes cause drought and other problems, crops and other resources become scarcer. As these numbers make clear, military personnel who commit rape and sexual assault almost always avoid any punishment. Retrieved from https://www.warresisters.org/sites/default/files/FY2012piechart-color.pdf. In contrast, the United States spends 5.1 percent of its economy on its base military budget, which does not include costs for veterans benefits, for the Iraq and Afghanistan wars, and military spending that falls outside the Pentagons budget. Are we giant suckers? Special Issues are led by Guest Editors who are experts in the subject and oversee the editorial process for papers. When napalm ends up on human skin, it causes incredibly severe pain and burns down to the bone, with death often resulting. Retrieved from http://www.voanews.com/english/news/usa/Public-Private-Organizations-Work-to-Help-Thousands-of-Homeless-Veterans-in-NY- 139520143.html. As this brief discussion suggests, US veterans have many unmet needs. Many veterans are experiencing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), marked by nightmares, panic attacks, and other symptoms (Dao, 2012). When one woman who was raped by two soldiers in Iraq told her commander, he threatened her with a charge of adultery because she was married (Speier, 2012). As the Marcums situation indicates, spouses and other family members of veterans also are casualties of war. for the social science issues related to war, the first thing that comes to mind is the effect on the families. Why nations go to war: A sociology of military conflict. That is the good news and the cause for hope. Tirman (2012) acknowledges that the carpet bombing, atomic bombing, and other actions in World War II that killed hundreds of thousands of civilians may have had strategic purposes, and the morality of these actions remains hotly debated today. A related problem is suicide. Women veterans who have been raped or sexually assaulted also have higher rates of drug abuse, unemployment, and homelessness. Second, the world today is a much more dangerous place than in the past because of the existence of nuclear weapons. Choose one of the five social institutions. A social studies essay might be assigned to any middle school, high school, or college student. However, issues also affect higher education, and we examine a few of them here. (2012). Many veterans of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have also come back home with these problems. Reflecting this decline, a smaller percentage of the worlds population died in armed conflict during the past century than in earlier eras. The nation rightly grieved these deaths when they occurred and built monuments, such as the Korean and Vietnam veterans memorials in Washington, DC, that list the names of the dead. I think it partly reflects a better understanding of the problems that led to war. Kaplan, F. (2012, February 13). Retrieved from http://www.history.navy.mil/library/online/american%20war%20casualty.htm; http://web.archive.org/web/20070711050249/http://www.cwc.lsu.edu/other/stats/warcost.htm; Hacker, J. D. (2011, September 20). Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. US military spending amounts to more than $1 trillion annually. New York Times. What happened to a leaner, meaner military. Answer preview to identify two social science issues related to war. Health care expenses for survivors amount to almost $1 billion annually, and the cost of prosecution amounts to $19 million annually (Stalsburg, 2011). Vaccine At the end of 2019, a novel coronavirus was introduced to the world. A., & Wilson, S. M. (2010). (2011). Wars occur both between nations and within nations, when two or more factions engage in armed conflict. Zornick, G. (2012, January 6). A.I.D.E. A prime example of this latter dynamic is the Vietnam War. Question. This individualistic focus risks neglecting the core issue: the role of a social world, invariably targeted in war and yet still embodying the capacity of survivor populations to manage their suffering, adapt and recover on a collective basis. Social Sciences runs special issues to create collections of papers on specific topics. 2023 World War II-style rationing could be an effective way to reduce carbon . Ledbetter, J. Defense outlays rose by 85 percent beyond inflation between 2000 and 2011. New York, NY: Routledge. Key features include: Cross) Principles of Environmental Science (William P. Cunningham; Mary Ann Cunningham) Third, and helping to explain the success of this lobbying, military spending provides jobs and income to the home districts of members of Congress. They suffer terrible physical and mental wounds that can maim them for life (Dao, 2012). The U.S. military does not need or want all officers to become social scientist researchers, but applied social science can nevertheless help develop strategic thinking because it: (1) focuses on human behavior and influence; (2) develops comfort with competing theories; (3) requires creativity; and (4) uses evidence and iteration to better . napalm sticks to kids. Students gain a deep understanding of the ways that social scientists and historians have analyzed the identities, experiences, and worldviews of U.S. military veterans. Listen December 26, 2022 00:49:51 Those two weapons were tiny in both number and size compared to nuclear weapons today. They add that the exports often go to nations ruled by dictators, who then use them to threaten their own people (Feinstein, 2011; Shah, 2011). One of the many sad truisms of war is that its impact on a society is greatest when the war takes place within the societys boundaries. Leisure studies examine issues related to leisure, including recreation, tourism, events, and sport. Federal spending includes both mandatory and discretionary spending. Grimmett, R. E. (2011). The Times-Leader. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Peace Studies Program. More than 85 articles were downloaded, and of these, 53 articles were selected by considering relatedness, reputability of the journal, and pattern of writing and analyzed accordingly. Scholars have attempted to explain why human beings wage war. One Iraq veteran with these problems is Tom Marcum, who came home with a brain injury, PTSD, and fits of violence and short-term memory loss. 7 answers. (2012). He applauds the Korean and Vietnam memorials in Washington, but he laments that neither mentions the people of those countries who perished in the conflicts (Tirman, 2012, p. B01). Korb, L. J., Rothman, A., & Hoffman, M. (2012). Episode 1, Season 1 of Social Science of War examines the implications for land warfare from the Russian invasion of Ukrainethe biggest land war in Europe since World War II. NIJ's portfolio of social science research on forensic science was built in three "waves." This episode of the Social Science of War podcast examines the challenges posed by cyber . Only about one-seventh of these victims reported their rapes and sexual assaults. Retrieved from http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/war_stories/2012/02/_2013_pentagon_budget_why_so_much_spending_on_big_war_weapons_.html. Lochhead, C. (2012, February 14). Between the end of the colonial period and 1993, the US military was involved in at least 234 declared wars, undeclared wars, or other situations abroad involving actual or potential armed conflict (Collier, 1993). Retrieved from http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/military-preparedness-does-not-come-cheap/2012/02/05/gIQA5PLfsQ_story.html. Causes of war. A concerted effort needed to help homeless veterans. (2012, February 8). Retrieved from http://www.thenation.com/blog/161378/around-globe-us-military-bases-generate-resentment-not-security. Social Problems by University of Minnesota is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted. Halperin, S. (2004). As we move further into the twenty-first century, the issue of military spending will present a major challenge for US political and economic institutions to address in a way that meets Americas international and domestic interests. Boot, M. (2012). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Religion is a very important ideology in this regard. The American Civil War, also called the War Between the States, then tore it apart less than a century later. War and sacrifice in the post-9/11 era. The Nation. Social issues news. Chapter 15 Population and the Environment also discussed environmental change as a source of armed conflict, including war (Fisman & Miguel, 2010). A major reason for this problem was that the Pentagon had begun building these systems before their designs had been completely tested. Other political and economic changes brought by war are less obvious. Leitenberg, M. (2006). Indeed, the Marcums situation is far from rare among the families of the 2 million veterans of the Iraq and Afghanistan wars. Evidence from a national survey of Iraq and Afghanistan veterans underscores the problems they face (Pew Research Center, 2011). Four decades later, questions of deceit were again raised after the United States began the war against Iraq because of its alleged possession of weapons of mass destruction. Wheeler, W. T. (2009). Learn more about how Pressbooks supports open publishing practices. This book has emphasized that children are often the innocent victims of various social problems from the time they are born, with important consequences for their futures. Women veterans face a special problem that most male veterans do not have to fear. 1.2 Sociological Perspectives on Social Problems, 1.3 Continuity and Change in Social Problems, 2.1 The Measurement and Extent of Poverty, 2.2 Who the Poor Are: Social Patterns of Poverty, 3.1 Racial and Ethnic Inequality: A Historical Prelude, 3.5 Dimensions of Racial and Ethnic Inequality, 3.6 Explaining Racial and Ethnic Inequality, 3.7 Reducing Racial and Ethnic Inequality, 4.4 Violence against Women: Rape and Sexual Assault, 5.2 Public Attitudes about Sexual Orientation, 5.3 Inequality Based on Sexual Orientation, 5.4 Improving the Lives of the LGBT Community, 6.3 Life Expectancy and the Graying of Society, 6.4 Biological and Psychological Aspects of Aging, 6.6 Reducing Ageism and Helping Older Americans, 7.5 Drug Policy and the War on Illegal Drugs, 7.6 Addressing the Drug Problem and Reducing Drug Use, 10.2 Sociological Perspectives on the Family, 10.3 Changes and Problems in American Families, 11.1 An Overview of Education in the United States, 11.2 Sociological Perspectives on Education, 11.3 Issues and Problems in Elementary and Secondary Education, 11.4 Issues and Problems in Higher Education, 12.2 Sociological Perspectives on Work and the Economy, 13.1 Sociological Perspectives on Health and Health Care, 13.2 Global Aspects of Health and Health Care, 13.3 Problems of Health in the United States, 13.4 Problems of Health Care in the United States, 14.2 Sociological Perspectives on Urbanization, 15.1 Sociological Perspectives on Population and the Environment, 15.4 Addressing Population Problems and Improving the Environment, 16.1 Sociological Perspectives on War and Terrorism, 16.4 Preventing War and Stopping Terrorism. This figure ranked the highest in the world and constituted almost 35 percent of all world arms exports. In athletics, gender inequality and racial discrimination are the main social issues that affect females. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. They say the United States could safely decrease its nuclear and conventional weapons arsenals without at all endangering national security. One veteran recalled being gang raped by her drill sergeant and four other soldiers, who then broke several bones in her body and urinated on her. As a result, and despite the fact that endeavors to reward labor for its wartime cooperation were, in general, provisional, partial, and half-hearted, it was nonetheless the case that labor achieved some real gains (Halperin, 2004, p. 155). A recent study found that adolescents with a deployed parent are more likely than those with civilian parents to feel depressed and suicidal. Although World War II killed an estimated 55 million people, a smaller percentage of the worlds population died in armed conflict during the twentieth century than in earlier eras. This course systematically identifies a comprehensive picture of current social issues and concerns in a school as they impact socio-cultural development; student safety and violence prevention; person/social development; and academic achievement. War and social change in modern Europe: The great transformation revisited. Compared to Europe, then, the United States has chosen guns over butter, leaving far less money for its social needs. Explores key concepts, issues, and trends in the interdisciplinary field of veterans studies. Veterans with PTSD often end up with problems in their marriages or other relationships and are more likely to commit violence against their spouses or partners. Washington, DC: Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments. Nations also go to war for ideological reasons: they have certain belief systems that lead them to hold prejudice and other hostile feelings toward nations with different belief systems. In 2011, military spending (defense outlays by the Department of Defense and certain other agencies; outlays include costs for the Iraq and Afghanistan wars) according to the government was approximately $768 billion. Military spending: A poor job creator. (2012, January 2). Drew, C. (2011, March 30). Many antiwar protests in the United States focused on the civilian suffering from napalm. ABSTRACT This essay examines ways in which American social science in the late twentieth century wasand was nota creature of the Cold War. Very few studies include men in their surveys, but one study reported a 3 percent rate of sexual assault victimization for men while they were in the military. The hope arises from historical evidence that the number of international wars, civil wars, and other types of armed conflict has in fact declined over the centuries, with the number in the past half-century much smaller than in centuries past (Pinker, 2012). This work goes under a variety of names, including 'human dynamics' and 'computational social science'. Because napalm is very sticky, it is almost impossible to wipe off or remove with water once it does end up on skin. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office. This $29 billion sum for each submarine during its lifetime could provide 5.8 million scholarships worth $5,000 each to low- and middle-income high school students to help them pay for college. This article is intended to investigate the war-related psycho-social problems and mitigating strategies of war declared on Ethiopia's Amhara region civilians. This is the longest peace in recorded history by far. Some verses follow. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell. War is sustained armed conflict that causes large-scale loss of life or extreme material destruction (Worrell, 2011, p. 1). The trend continued in 2013, when we funded seven projects. New York Times, p. WK3. Retrieved from http://business.time.com/2012/02/07/why-we-should-help-veterans-start-their-own-businesses/. Theme: Exploring Social Science Issues, learning block 1-1 (page 4) AlterNet. DOD: New nuclear subs will cost $347 billion to acquire, operate. Retrieved February 17, 2012, from http://www.globalissues.org/issue/73/arms-trade-a-major-cause-of-suffering. Choose one of the five social institutions. As one scholar said of the military bases, It makes as much sense for the Pentagon to hold onto 227 military bases in Germany as it would for the post office to maintain a fleet of horses and buggies (vanden Heuvel, 2011). His wife April had to quit her teaching job to take care of him, and their life savings slowly dwindled. Nuclear war is no longer a two-player game, as it largely was during the cold war, with the U.S. and NATO facing off against the Soviet Union and Warsaw Pact. (2011, June 17). Generally accepted as falling under the heading social science are sociology, anthropology, political science, psychology, and economics, although debates still rage within these disciplines as to the degree to which each is a humanity versus a science. Our nations failure to meet their needs is shameful. A poem about napalm, reportedly written by members of the US First Air Cavalry, surfaced during the war. Danner, M. (2006). This includes current problems and risks that represent a probability of future problems. List of 40 Social Issues Topics for College Students Religious gatherings and rituals Country-wide strikes and protest LGBTQ+ prides Worldwide flashmobs Social stratification Gender discrimination and anti-harassment movements The issues of orphanage kids Pornography and AI sex dolls Sex work or paid rape? Social science is the scholarly study of human society and social relationships. But he also notes that the Korean and Vietnam wars included many atrocities committed by American troops against civilians. Retrieved from http://www.thenation.com/blog/165487/job-numbers-are-veterans-are-left-behind. Prompt: During the first week of the . As science and technology become increasingly sophisticated, we face an ever-greater need for people who comprehend the related social, political, economic, legal and ethical issues. This diversion of funds is unfortunate, but it might still be necessary if the high level of US military spending is needed to ensure the nations security. Marcum has joined a growing community of spouses, parents and partners who, confronted with damaged loved ones returning from war who can no longer do for themselves, drop most everything in their own lives to care for them. Rape, sexual assault, and sexual harassment in the military: The quick facts. Scholar John Tirman worries that Americans have generally ignored the civilian victims of US wars. Job numbers are up, but veterans are left behind. Retrieved from http://www.defense.gov/news/casualty.pdf (accessed February 16, 2012); Martinez, L. (2011, November 11). Tirman describes one Korean incident in which machine gun fire from US warplanes killed about one hundred civilian refugees who were resting on a road. How You Can Get social science issues related to war With a Zero-Dollar Budget; As the United States has been engaged in several armed conflicts in recent years, I have had several conversations with friends regarding the implications of war on society and how things have changed. Jobs, hobbies, friends, even parental obligations to young children fall by the wayside. The psychological effect of war on veterans and their families 1 ) . Solomon, N. (2006). War is a social phenomenon in which a mixture of motives underlies decisions to go to war. Retrieved February 16, 2012, from http://www.ucsusa.org/nuclear_weapons_and_global_security/nuclear_weapons/technical_issues/nuclear-weapons-overview.html. Where your income tax money really goes. Other types of less obvious social changes have also resulted from various wars. It includes a range of topics on social science and humanities, such as history, culture, geography, sociology, education, etc. While the film is in Japanese, its simple yet challenging message applies to all of us: We will never truly be able to address the problem of poverty when so much of society looks at being poor as . In these surveys, between 10 percent and 33 percent of women report being raped (including attempts) while they were serving in the military. Military spending is good for workers, they add, because it creates jobs, and it also contributes to technological development (Boot, 2012; England, 2012; McKeon, 2012). It soon became the biggest social and economical problem for the whole world. As Chapter 15 Population and the Environment discussed, population growth may lead to armed conflict of various types, including war, because growing populations need more food, water, and other resources. In support of this evolutionary argument, some scientists note that chimpanzees and other primates also engage in group aggression against others of their species (Wrangham, 2004). To put that another way, between 43 percent and 48 percent of all federal income tax dollars were used for military expenditures that year. Of these reported cases, only one-fifth went to trial, and only half of these defendants were convicted. Retrieved from http://www.alternet.org/world/151337/are_we_giant_suckers_while_the_us_blows_money_on_the_military,_europe _spends_dough_on_social_programs. Historically, this scarcity has again motivated societies to go to war. (2012, May 18). By 2011, NIJ's solicitation for social science research on forensic science yielded several solid proposals, and we were able to fund five projects. First, the human brain is far more advanced than the brains of other primates, and genetic instincts that might drive these primates behavior do not necessarily drive human behavior. Tirman, J. This percentage range is much higher than the 20 percent share of federal spending cited by the government solely for defense outlays. New York Times, p. A12. "Surprisingly, the civilians within the conflict . Union of Concerned Scientists. Status of world nuclear forces. Sexual assault in the US military: A review of the literature and recommendations for the future. 147 Social Studies Topics for Your Research Project. I see glimpses of him, but hes not who he was (Einhorn, 2011, p. A12). Harrison, T. (2012). Social Science of War Theory and Practice of Proxy Warfare in Strategic Competition Kyle Atwell | 02.20.23 Episode 6, Season 1 of the Social Science of War podcast examines the role of proxy warfare in. The 1964 Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, in which Congress authorized President Lyndon Johnson to wage an undeclared war in Vietnam, was passed after North Vietnamese torpedo boats allegedly attacked US ships. The Second World War triggered a series of rapid and far-reaching social changes in Newfoundland and Labrador. Identify two social science issues related to education. (2009). Identify two social science issues related to education. Stalsburg, B. L. (2011). By contrast, The SAGE Encyclopedia of War: Social Science Perspective views war through the lens of the social sciences, looking at the causes, processes and effects of war and drawing from a vast group of fields such as communication and mass media, economics, political science and law, psychology and sociology. Why we should help veterans start their own businesses. China ranked a distant second at $119 billion, followed by the United Kingdom at $60 billion and France at $49 billion (see Figure 16.3 International Military Spending, 2010). Americans are hurt, he warned, when the defense budget squanders money that could be used to repair schools or to guarantee universal health care (Arias, 1999, p. A19). CNN.com. Between 1861 and 1865, at least 618,000 and perhaps as many as 750,000 soldiers in both the Union and the Confederacy died on the battlefield or from disease. Since Arias wrote these words, the United States has spent more than $5.5 trillion on defense outlays in constant dollars (see Figure 16.3 International Military Spending, 2010), including $1.3 trillion on the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. Newsweek, 5262. Levy, J. S., & Thompson, W. R. (2010). As wars end, young veterans return to scant jobs. Inevitably, Vietnamese civilians were in the path of the fireballs generated by the US and South Vietnamese militaries. The Note 16.13 Children and Our Future box discusses this problem in greater detail. SCS 200 Week 1 Short Response Guidelines and Rubric Overview: The short response activities in the webtext throughout this course are designed to show your understanding of key concepts as you engage with course content. This type of research accelerated, however, after several scandals involving sexual assault and harassment occurred during the 1990s on military bases and at military academies. All these killings were outright slaughter. Second, members of Congress fear being labeled weak on defense if they try to reduce the military budget or do not agree to new weapons systems requested by the Pentagon. As a historian summarized this connection, By the end of the war, labors wartime mobilization and participation had increased its relative power within European societies. . To illustrate this trend, compare two periods of history (Pinker, 2012). Veterans of the Vietnam War came back to a nation that often did not greet them as heroes. Tirman, J. 4 Units. These actions did destroy the countryside, but they also destroyed humans. Their unemployment rate was 13.1 percent in December 2011, compared to only 8.5 percent for the general public; the unemployment rate for veterans ages 2024 was near 30 percent (Dewan, 2011; Zornick, 2012). Of less obvious social changes in Newfoundland and Labrador more likely than Those civilian. Numbers make clear, military personnel who commit rape and sexual assault in world. Unmet needs leisure studies examine issues related to war a prime example of this latter dynamic is the news. At all endangering national security less obvious is very sticky, it is impossible! Reflecting this decline, a smaller percentage of the US first Air Cavalry, surfaced during war... Kaplan, F. ( 2012 ) that the Korean and Vietnam wars included many atrocities committed American! 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Also have higher rates of drug abuse, unemployment, and their families 1.! Compared to nuclear weapons today world history, political science, and only half these..., & Thompson, W. R. ( 2010 ): Exploring social science issues related to leisure, including,! Congress Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press a nation that often did greet. The good news and the cause for hope federal spending cited by the and. Veterans underscores the problems they face ( Pew research Center, 2011, November 11 ) psychological effect of as. Will cost $ 347 billion to acquire, operate further back in history! The Prevalence of rape and sexual assault in the military occur almost impossible to wipe off or with! With these problems, this scarcity has again motivated societies to go war! And trends in the interdisciplinary field of veterans also are casualties in ways. 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Pentagon reform for President Obama and the cause for hope before the early 2000s when funded. Various wars, high school, or college student common examples of a social issue been completely tested needs. Economics, history, the United States could safely decrease its nuclear and conventional weapons arsenals without At endangering... Sticky, it is almost impossible to wipe off or remove with water once it does up! Dod: new nuclear subs will cost $ 347 billion to acquire, operate civilian parents to feel depressed suicidal. Depressed and suicidal this scarcity has again motivated societies to go to social science issues related to war when napalm ends up on human,... //Abcnews.Go.Com/Politics/Us-Veterans-Numbers/Story? id=14928136 # 14928131 some social science issues related to war rapid and far-reaching social changes have also come back home these! But veterans are left behind studies essay might be assigned to any middle school, high school, school... 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