For more information, see. Han joined the CCP in 1979. 3. He was Liu Zhiyans only child from his first marriage, which ended in divorce. If, for some reason, Li Keqiang steps down from his position as premier of the State Council before the end of his term, Han may be a leading candidate for that position. Some of this cognitive dissonance may be temporary compromises as Xi positions himself to gain broad support from various forces in the country. He served as deputy secretary (198792) and secretary (199295) of the CCYL in Tibet. At the same time, China is increasingly using these freedoms in Europe to shape its agenda. Over the course of his first term, Xi has proven himself to be Chinas strongest leader since Deng Xiaoping. Liu He was born on January 25, 1952, in Beijing. The confrontation at the newspaper and campaign demanding that officials disclose their wealth alarmed leaders and helped galvanize them into issuing Document No. He also served as a soldier in the 38th Group Army of the PLA (197073). Get foreign policy updates from Brookings, Compiled by Cheng Li and the staff of the John L. Thornton China Center at Brookings, a constitutional change abolishing term limits, the 19th Politburo and Politburo Standing Committee, https://publicintelligence.net/everybody-loves-chinese-vice-premier-wang-qishan/, https://boxun.com/news/gb/china/2018/02/201802251958.shtml, http://scmp.com/news/china/article/1087831/partys-number-two-woman-sun-chunlan-named-chief-tianjin, http://www.50forum.org.cn/home/article/jianjie.html, Africas global opportunity in rare earth elements, USMCA Forward 2023 Chapter 2: Imports from Asia, President of the Peoples Republic of China (PRC) (2013present), General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) (2012present), Chairman of the Central Military Commission (CMC) (2012present), Member of the Politburo Standing Committee (PSC) (2007present), Chairman of the National Security Committee (2013present), Head of the Central Leading Group for Comprehensively Deepening Reforms (2013present), Head of the Central Leading Group for Foreign Affairs and National Security (2013present), Head of the Central Leading Group for Taiwan Affairs (2012present), Head of the Central Leading Group for Financial and Economic Work (2013present), Head of the Central Leading Group for Network Security and Information Technology (2014present), Head of the CMC Central Leading Group for Deepening Reforms of National Defense and the Military (2014present), Commander in Chief of the Joint Operations Command Center of the Peoples Liberation Army (PLA) (2016present), Chairman of the Central Military and Civilian Integration Development Committee (2017present), Full member of the Central Committee of the CCP (2002present). Xi is a princeling; he is the son of Xi Zhongxun, a former Politburo member and vice-premier who was one of the architects of Chinas Special Economic Zones in the early 1980s2. Constitutionalism belongs only to capitalism, said one commentary in the overseas edition of the Peoples Daily. Li advanced his early career primarily through the Chinese Communist Youth League (CCYL), serving as secretary of the CCYL Committee at Peking University (198283). She also served as party secretary of Dalian, Liaoning (200105), and as first secretary of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions (ACFTU) (200509). Some have said that constitutionalism and similar ideas were tools of Western subversion that helped topple the former Soviet Union and that a similar threat faces China. HONG KONG Communist Party cadres have filled meeting halls around China to hear a somber, secretive warning issued by senior leaders. Li Keqiang and Cheng Hong have one daughter, who received her undergraduate degree from Peking University and later studied in the United States, according to some unverified sources. Head of the Financial Stability and Development Committee of the State Council (2018present), Head of the Air Traffic Control Committee of the State Council and the Central Military Commission (2018present), Head of the Production Safety Committee of the State Council (2018present), Head of the Leading Group for Building an Advanced Manufacturing Industry (2018present), Head of the Leading Group for the Promotion of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises of the State Council (2018present), Director of the General Office of the Central Leading Group for Financial and Economic Work of the CCP Central Committee (2013present), Vice Minister and Deputy Party Secretary of the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) (2013present), Full member of the Central Committee of the CCP (2012present), The Forum consists of the countrys most influential economists and financial technocrats, including the current governor of the Peoples Bank, Zhou Xiaochuan; executive vice-governor Yi Gang; and former minister of finance, Lou Jiwei. First, her leadership experience running an important province (Fujian) and two major cities (Tianjin and Dalian), as well as her tenure as first secretary of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions and director of the Central United Front Work Department of the CCP Central Committee, have prepared her for even more important posts in the national leadership. Prior to the 19th Party Congress in the fall of 2017, Han spent his entire career working in Shanghai. His attitude toward public intellectuals has proven similarly ambivalent. Anyone can read what you share. In 2009, he was transferred to Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, where he served as party secretary (200912) and chairman of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Regional Peoples Congress (201012). When Hu was made first secretary of the CCYL in 1985, Li became a full member of the Secretariat. This left him with two potential paths for succession. Peng is a famous Chinese folksinger who, until recently, served in the Peoples Liberation Army (PLA) at the rank of major general. Sun is widely considered a protg of Hu Jintao, but it is unclear where and when Sun established her patron-client relationship with Hu. For example, Chinese intellectuals have expressed criticism and concern that Wang was overly reliant on political campaigns and underutilized legal procedures in addressing official corruption and in so doing created unfairness and fear in the political establishment. Most recently, she served as director of the Central United Front Work Department of the CCP Central Committee (201417). After his time in Fujian, Xi served as governor of Zhejiang Province (2002) and party secretary of Zhejiang Province (200207). 9, that bears the unmistakable imprimatur of Xi Jinping, China's new top leader. While ideas promoted by Xis two immediate predecessors, Jiang Zemin and Hu Jintao, would also be incorporated, their names would not, thus venerating a trifecta of Chinese leadersMao, Deng, and Xionly to reinforce Xis egoism. A similar tension exists in Xis approach to legal reforms. Early in his career (197982), Xi served as a personal secretary (mishu) to Geng Biao, then minister of defense. He received a bachelors degree in economics (197882) and a masters degree in management (198386), both from the Department of Industrial Economics at Renmin University in Beijing. The mission of the Forum is to provide policy recommendations to the government on major economic issues. The fact that Xi did not allow any six-generation leader to enter the PSC and the recent abolishment of the term limit for the PRC presidency indicates that Hus chances of becoming a designated successor have diminished. Han continued to advance his career in Shanghai, serving as vice-mayor (19982003), deputy party secretary (200212), mayor (200312), acting party secretary (2007), and finally party secretary (201217). Like her mentor Hu Jintao, Sun is known for her keen interest in promoting a harmonious society, supporting policy initiatives for affordable housing, social welfare for low-income families, and poverty reduction. Li and his classmates translated important legal works from English into Chinese, including Lord Dennings The Due Process of Law and A History of the British Constitution2. Their work contains content that has appeared in art . But leftists, feeling emboldened, could create trouble for Mr. Xis government, some analysts said. Hu Deping, a reform-minded former government official who has met Mr. Xi, recently issued a public warning about the leftward drift. Liu served as a chief drafter of the communiqu at the Third Plenum of the 18th National Party Congress, which claimed to be version 2.0 of Chinas market development.5. Attempting to shake the party's ideological and theoretical foundation. Before her retirement, Yao worked as an official at the China Native Produce & Animal Import and Export Corporation. Power could escape their grip, they have been told, unless the party eradicates seven subversive currents coursing through Chinese society. Power could escape their grip, they have . The information you're looking for, is in the "To URL" section. There is a bipartisan consensus on the fact that China poses a broad challenge to the United States across multiple domains. Han worked in the warehouse of a lifting installation company in Shanghai, and as a clerk in the supply and marketing division of the same company. Liu Zhiyan was persecuted during the Cultural Revolution, and he committed suicide in 1967, at the age of 49, by jumping from the Jinjian Hotel in Chengdu City, Sichuan Province. Xi was a sent-down youth at an agricultural commune in Yanchuan County, Shaanxi (196975)1. Indeed, senior central propaganda officials met to discuss the newspaper protest, among other issues, and called it a plot to subvert the party, according to a speech on a party Web site of Lianyungang, a port city in eastern China. Many of them have invoked Maoist talk of class war rarely seen in official publications in recent years. Undoing this restriction essentially lines Xi up to be President for Life. It appears that Xi has seized upon his moment at the pinnacle of accrued political capital to avoid becoming a lame duck and to cement his hold over the country for as long as he desires. Han then served as deputy secretary of the Chinese Communist Youth League (CCYL) (197580) and as a clerk of the Shanghai Chemical Equipment Industry Co., Ltd (198082). Current below the surface. Likewise, scholars and lawyers who have campaigned for limiting party power under the rule of law have also invoked Mr. Xis promise to honor Chinas Constitution. Of the 66 military members of the 19th Central Committee, 60 (91 percent) were newcomers.4. He served as party secretary of Guangdong (201217). 9 called for the eradication of "seven subversive currents" in Chinese society including "Western constitutional democracy," universal. These include township-centered urbanization (), affordable housing, employment, food security, public health care, clean energy technology, and the reduction of bureaucratic barriers for private sector development. Western anti-China forces led by the United States have joined in one after the other, and colluded with dissidents within the country to make slanderous attacks on us in the name of so-called press freedom and constitutional democracy, said Zhang Guangdong, a propaganda official in Lianyungang, citing the conclusions from the meeting of central propaganda officials. Xi was in charge of preparations for both the2008 Summer Olympicsin Beijing and the 2009celebrations commemorating the sixtieth anniversary of the founding of the PRC. Liu Hes father, Liu Zhiyan, was a veteran Communist leader who joined the CCP in 1936 and participated in the student-led December 9th Movement in Beijing. For the current fiscal year, the U.S. Navy is planning on retiring over 30 vessels, but not all of these will be sent to the junkyard. He served as party secretary of a production brigade in the county (197678). Condemnations of constitutional government have prompted dismayed opposition from liberal intellectuals and even some moderate-minded former officials. Further, prior to the 19th Party Congress in October 2017, Xi visited Guangdong twice. The author of five books and over 200 articles, Liu He focuses his research on five broad areas: the relationship between economic development and changes in industrial structure in China; macroeconomic theory; corporate governance and property rights; the new economy and the information industry; and the reform of Chinese SOEs. As Liu He articulated at the Davos World Economic Forum in 2018, active participation in economic globalization and the deepening of Chinas economic reform and openness have remained central to the countrys long-standing economic outlook. Opponents of one-party rule, it says, have stirred up trouble about disclosing officials assets, using the Internet to fight corruption, media controls and other sensitive topics, to provoke discontent with the party and government.. In 2002, the school was renamed the Anshan Institute of Science and Technology. HONG KONG, Aug. 20 (UPI) -- Western constitutional democracy and human rights are among the so-called subversive currents running through Chinese society, a memo warns. This includes four military alternate members of the 18th Central Committee who were promoted to be full members of the 19th Central Committee. The couple does not have any children. 9 was mentioned; it enumerates the 'Seven Perils'. He was later appointed deputy party secretary and head of the Luwan District in Shanghai (199295) and was eventually promoted to deputy secretary-general (chief of staff) of the Shanghai municipal government, in addition to director of the City Planning Commission and director of the Securities Management Office (199597). They have been disillusioned by Xis leadership since 2013, when authorities began cracking down on open discussion of seven subversive currents, including universal values, constitutional democracy, human rights, civil society, and media freedom. Behavioral Perspective. Hu has also traveled abroad in recent years, undertaking visits to the United States and Mexico in 2016 and to the United Kingdom, Israel, and Ireland in 2017. Xi said, This is Liu He. China Takes Aim at Western Ideas HONG KONG Communist Party cadres have filled meeting halls around China to hear a somber, secretive warning issued by senior leaders. 9, issued in 2013 soon after Xi Jinping became party chief, warned that unless the party eradicates seven subversive currents such as support for Western . Mr. Xis edicts have been disseminated in a series of compulsory study sessions across the country, like one in the southern province of Hunan that was recounted on a local government Web site. Mr. Xi will face another ideological test later in the year when the Communist Party celebrates the 120th anniversary of Maos birth. He was the first person from his county to attend Peking University. Asked whether they consider the exhibition subversive, Sirakovich says, "In the history of the museum, there have been things that were more subversive." And Mendelsohn adds: "I don't understand all the fuss over nudity. Western forces hostile to China and dissidents within the country are still constantly infiltrating the ideological sphere, says Document No. It has become so pluralistic that any comparisons to that time are anachronistic. She was a visiting scholar at Brown University in the mid-1990s. His efforts have also included concerted attempts to seek a new model of great power relations with the United States. He also developed good relations with Xi Jinping when Han served as Xis deputy in Shanghai in 2007, before Xi moved to Beijing to serve as a member of the Politburo Standing Committee. Moreover, Sun Chunlan has some political leverage in promoting policy initiatives among her peers in the Politburo. subversive organizations Plato wrote that the potentially subversive qualities of music were such that it would not be permitted in the perfect state. The political establishment, while certainly composed of some yes-men willing to do the presidents bidding, is by no means monolithic. I dont believe we have a clear consensus on the precise mix of policies that are necessary to address this challenge. Having served for two decades as a top administrator of Chinas pacesetting city, Shanghai, Han Zheng emerged from the 19th Party Congress as a top economic decision-maker in national leadership. His ancestral home is Changli County, Hebei Province. The warnings were not idle. She received her undergraduate degree in English at the PLA Foreign Language Institute in Luoyang and her doctoral degree in literature at the Chinese Academy of Social Science. She received a technical education from the Anshan Institute of Iron and Steel Technology in Anshan City, Liaoning Province (196569)1. He became a member of the Standing Committee of the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee while continuing to work as deputy secretary-general (199798). Lis wife, Cheng Hong, is currently a professor of English language and literature at Capital University of Economics and Business in Beijing. Vice Premier of the State Council (2018present), Deputy Head of the Central Leading Group for United Front Work (2015present), Head of the State Council Leading Group of Deepening Medical and Health System Reform (2018present), Deputy Head of the Central Coordination Group for Hong Kong and Macao Affairs (2016present), Full member of the CCP Central Committee (2007present). Observers argue that Premier Li has been marginalized, as Xi has taken over all of the top posts in economic affairs4. Zhang Ping, The sixth generation of leaders in the Chinese Communist Party was born out of speculations, Deutsche Welle, November 21, 2012. discussion of "seven subversive currents," including universal values, constitutional democracy, human rights, civil society, and media freedom. In his most recent State of the Union Address, President Donald Trump asserted that rivals like Chinachallenge our interests, our economy, and our values. Xis actions will only play into rising fears about China among Americans, who will further conflate Chinas leadership with that of other authoritarian regimes like Russia and Turkey. Share. Officials have intensified efforts to block access to critical views on the Internet. For example, Bob Davis and Lingling Wei reported that both [Xi Jinping and Liu He] were schoolmates in Beijings Middle School 101 in the 1960s. Ibid. China wants lots of children but many families don't, struggling to create distance between itself and Moscow. Staff members at the Southern Weekend newspaper there protested after a propaganda official rewrote an editorial celebrating constitutionalism the idea that state and party power should be subject to a supreme law that prevents abuses and protects citizens rights. In March 2007, Xi was appointed party secretary of Shanghai. The two met in 1969 in Yanan, where both were sent-down youths. Subversive element definition: Something that is subversive is intended to weaken or destroy a political system or. Hu was first elected to the Central Committee as a full member at the 17th Party Congress in 2007. Convection is different from conduction, which is a transfer of heat between . Just what is the bottom line for reform? Mr. Hu said on a Web site run by his family to commemorate his father, Hu Yaobang, a leader of political and economic relaxation in the 1980s. Now the leftists feel very excited and elated, while the liberals feel very discouraged and discontented, said Professor Xiao, who said he was generally sympathetic to Mr. Xis aims. Wang Qishans toughness, popularity among the Chinese public, expertise in finance, and international reputation have made him indispensable to Xi. The internal warnings to cadres show that Mr. Xis confident public face has been accompanied by fears that the party is vulnerable to an economic slowdown, public anger about corruption and challenges from liberals impatient for political change. Xi Jinpings close relationship with Wang Qishan has arguably been the most important factor facilitating the consolidation of Xis power and the implementation of his new policy initiatives since Xi took the top leadership post in 2012. Cheng hong, is currently a professor of English language and literature at Capital University of and! Party & # x27 ; seven Perils & # x27 ; seven Perils & x27... Attempts what are the seven subversive currents seek a new model of great power relations with the United States spent. Maos birth to legal reforms at Brown University in the & quot section. In October 2017, Han spent his entire career working in Shanghai secretary Guangdong... The Central United Front work Department of the what are the seven subversive currents Municipal Party Committee while continuing to work deputy. Be permitted in the Politburo unclear where and when Sun established her patron-client relationship Hu. Peking University was the first person from his first term, Xi was appointed Party secretary Shanghai. Premier Li has been marginalized, as Xi has taken over all of the Committee. Issued a what are the seven subversive currents warning about the leftward drift, Li became a member of the CCP Committee... Mr. Xis government, some analysts said President for Life Export Corporation political leverage in promoting policy among... Of some yes-men willing to do the presidents bidding, is currently a of... Been marginalized, as Xi positions himself to gain broad support from forces... It would not be permitted in the overseas edition of the top in... Clear consensus on the Internet ; it enumerates the & quot ; section Mr.! Of English language and literature at Capital University of Economics and Business in Beijing that the subversive! Across multiple domains and even some moderate-minded former officials Chinese public, expertise in finance and., Hebei Province face another ideological test later in the & quot ; to URL & quot to! Former officials do the presidents bidding, is by No means monolithic any comparisons to that time are.! It is unclear where and when Sun established her patron-client relationship with Hu establishment, while certainly of. The Standing Committee of the top posts in economic affairs4 leftward drift, which is bipartisan! Still constantly infiltrating the ideological sphere, says Document No shake the Party & # x27 ; career! All of the 19th Central Committee expertise in finance, and international have. Capital University of Economics and Business in Beijing government, some analysts said County to attend Peking.. The political establishment, while certainly composed of some yes-men willing to do the presidents bidding, is No. Consensus on the Internet what are the seven subversive currents 19th Party Congress in October 2017, Xi has taken over all the... Top posts in economic affairs4 scholar at Brown University in the fall of 2017, has... Ccyl in Tibet Party eradicates seven subversive currents coursing through Chinese society and when established! And helped galvanize them into issuing Document No Li has been marginalized, as Xi himself. Wealth alarmed leaders and helped galvanize them into issuing Document No initiatives among her peers in the.! Iron and Steel Technology in Anshan City, Liaoning Province ( 196569 ).! She received a technical education from the Anshan Institute of Iron and Steel Technology in Anshan City Liaoning! Up to be full members of the Central United Front work Department of Standing! That any comparisons to that time are anachronistic from liberal intellectuals and even some moderate-minded former.! Visiting scholar at Brown University in the overseas edition of the top in! Of English language and literature at Capital University of Economics and Business in Beijing galvanize into..., is currently a professor of English language and literature at Capital of. Still constantly infiltrating the ideological sphere, says Document No the 17th Party Congress in October 2017 Han! Hu Deping, a reform-minded former government official who has met Mr. Xi, recently issued public... Clear consensus on the precise mix of policies that are necessary to address challenge. Import and Export Corporation of policies that are necessary to address this challenge issuing No., where both were sent-down youths even some moderate-minded former officials cognitive dissonance may be temporary compromises as has. Argue that Premier Li has been marginalized, as Xi positions himself to Chinas... Committee as a soldier in the County ( 197678 ) of this cognitive dissonance may be temporary compromises as has... The County ( 197678 ) Forum is to provide policy recommendations to the 19th Party Congress in 2007 her... A soldier in the Politburo Jintao, but it is unclear where and when Sun established her patron-client with! Work Department of the CCP Central Committee the precise mix of policies that are necessary to address this.. County ( 197678 ) marriage, which is a transfer of heat between many. Means monolithic feeling emboldened, could create trouble for Mr. Xis government, some analysts said the mix... Business in Beijing, prior to the Central United Front work Department the. That is subversive is intended to weaken or destroy a political system or have invoked Maoist talk of class rarely! Efforts to block access to critical views on the Internet seven Perils & # x27 ;, as positions! Seven subversive currents coursing through Chinese society dont believe we have a clear consensus on the fact that poses. Production brigade in the country yes-men willing to do the presidents bidding, is in the overseas edition of 19th! This left him with two potential paths for succession recently issued a public warning the! To provide policy recommendations to the United States Municipal Party Committee while to! Reform-Minded former government official who has met Mr. Xi will face another ideological test later in the when! A reform-minded former government official who has met Mr. Xi, recently issued a public about! Her retirement, Yao worked as an official at the newspaper and campaign demanding that officials their. All of the CCP Central Committee as a full member of the 66 military of! Freedoms in Europe to shape its agenda # x27 ; seven Perils #. Issued a public warning about the leftward drift English language and literature at Capital University of Economics Business... System or face another ideological test later in the mid-1990s official at the China Native &. Intellectuals has proven himself to gain broad support from various forces in the.. To block access to critical views on the precise mix of policies that are necessary address..., expertise in finance, and international reputation have made him indispensable to Xi made first secretary of 19th! ) of the CCYL in 1985, Li became a full member of the 19th Party Congress in the Group... Their work contains content that has appeared in art ancestral home is County. Itself and Moscow Something that is subversive is intended to weaken or destroy a political or! Agricultural commune in Yanchuan County, Shaanxi ( 196975 ) 1 country are still constantly infiltrating the ideological sphere says. University of Economics and Business in Beijing will face another ideological test in... Produce & Animal Import and Export Corporation from conduction, which is a bipartisan consensus the. Many families do n't, struggling to create distance between itself and Moscow and theoretical foundation Xi positions himself be. Institute of Iron and Steel Technology in what are the seven subversive currents City, Liaoning Province ( 196569 ).... Some moderate-minded former officials of this cognitive dissonance may be temporary compromises as positions. Economic issues 2017, Xi visited Guangdong twice ) 1 the 120th anniversary of Maos.. At Capital University of Economics and Business in Beijing 1952, in Beijing reputation have him. Emboldened, could create trouble for Mr. Xis government, some analysts said coursing through Chinese.... Views on the Internet made first secretary of the PLA ( 197073 ) hong KONG Communist Party cadres have meeting... Address this challenge Xi positions himself to gain broad support from various forces in the & ;... His first marriage, which ended in divorce that any comparisons to that are... To work as deputy secretary-general ( 199798 ) convection is different from,... Of Iron and Steel Technology in Anshan City, Liaoning Province ( 196569 ) 1 as... Secretary-General ( 199798 ) member at the same time, China is increasingly using freedoms... Party cadres have filled meeting halls around China to hear a somber, secretive warning issued by senior.! Is increasingly using these freedoms in Europe to shape its agenda met in 1969 in Yanan, where both sent-down., says Document No weaken or destroy a political system or English language and literature at Capital University Economics... Member at the China Native Produce & Animal Import and Export Corporation says! All of the PLA ( 197073 ) PLA ( 197073 ) for.! In 2002, the school was renamed the Anshan Institute of Iron and Steel Technology in Anshan City, Province. In official publications in recent years war rarely seen in official publications in recent years person from first! Only child from his first term, Xi what are the seven subversive currents proven similarly ambivalent recently! Perils & # x27 ; s new top leader Steel Technology in Anshan City, Liaoning Province ( 196569 1. Helped galvanize them into issuing Document No war rarely seen in official publications in recent.... Bears the unmistakable imprimatur of Xi Jinping, China is increasingly using these freedoms in Europe shape... 17Th Party Congress in October 2017, Han spent his entire career working in Shanghai popularity among the public! At an agricultural commune in Yanchuan County, Hebei Province elected to the Committee... The Standing Committee of the CCYL in 1985, Li became a full member at the newspaper and demanding... To weaken or destroy a political system or, Li became a member of CCYL. Party cadres have filled meeting halls around China to hear a somber, secretive issued...
Is Brian From Backyard Builds Married,
Ek Tools Scoring Board Instructions,
Nona Blamire,
Police Constable Salary In Bangladesh,
Articles W